List of ingredient information
BHA
Butylated hydroxyanisole
A stabilizer used in many personal care products and foods. Acts as an antioxidant by maintaining the stability of oil, fats and active ingredients such as vitamins.
Our stance
We do not use BHA due to our safety criteria.
Origin
It is a chemically synthesized ingredient.
Consumer concerns and what we know
BHA is associated with reproductive dysfunction, increased cancer risk – including breast and prostate – and a range of other chronic or irreversible health problems.
The European Commission included BHA in an endocrine disruptor priority list to gain more scientific data for future assessment.
It is listed as a known carcinogen under California's Proposition 65.
BHT
Butylated hydroxytoluene
Stabilizer used in many personal care products and foods. Acts as antioxidant by maintaining the stability of oil, fats and active ingredients such as vitamins.
Our stance
We use BHT in both leave-on and rinse-off products, at a concentration below 0.1% according to our safety criteria and following cosmetic regulations by each country.
Origin
It is present in lychee fruit, but when used commercially is of synthetic origin.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Some studies suggest that BHT could be an endocrine disruptor and the European Commission included BHT in an endocrine disruptor priority list to gain more scientific data for future assessment. Currently, it is permitted under European regulation at any level.
Coal Tar
Coal tar is a viscous, dark liquid derived from coal and used in skincare and haircare products for the treatment of dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis.
Our stance
We do not use coal tar due to our safety criteria.
Origin
Generated from the incomplete combustion of coal.
Consumer concerns and what we know
It is considered a known carcinogen that can cause skin irritation, sun sensitivity and allergic reactions.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer lists coal tars as Group 1 carcinogens, meaning they are carcinogenic for humans.
Cyclosiloxanes
Basic members of the broad family of silicone materials, all cyclotetrasiloxane (D4), cyclopentasiloxane (D5), cyclohexasiloxane (D6) are volatile oils with a cyclic chemical structure and various properties. They are widely used because of the smooth and refreshing feeling they create.
Our stance
We do not use cyclosiloxanes in rinse-off products such as shampoos and conditioners in response to environmental concerns.
Furthermore, we have stopped using D4 in our new leave-on products.
We use D5 and D6 for leave-on products, carefully following EU regulations and updates.
Origin
They are chemically synthesized from silica stones.
Consumer concerns and what we know
D4, D5 and D6 are persistent in the environment, although their long term effects are not known. D4 and D5 are not permitted in rinse-off cosmetic products in a concentration equal to or greater than 0.1% in the EU. D6 is currently being reviewed.
D4 has been listed as a potential reproductive toxic substance in Europe.
Essential oils
Essential oils are extracted from plants and used for their many active properties and characteristic scents.
Our stance
We use essential oils following our own safety standards, which limit their concentration to the lowest levels among IFRA recommendations and country regulations, thus minimizing the risk of sensitization.
For products sold in Europe, we list the name of allergens in the ingredients.
Origin
Essential oils can be extracted from different parts of plants.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Essential oils may contain allergens that can trigger skin allergies. The International Fragrance Association (IFRA) has established maximum recommended limits for essential oils to minimize contact allergies. The European Commission has made it mandatory to indicate on the label if the product contains one of the 26 substances identified as highly allergenic. In general, allergic reactions to cosmetics containing essential oils at the recommended doses are rare.
Impurities
Acrylamide, Asbestos, Diethanolamine, 1,4-dioxane, Formaldehyde, Heavy metals
Impurities are very low or trace levels of undesired contaminants present in certain ingredients.
Our stance
We have a strict selection process for the quality of our raw materials so that impurity concentrations are as low as possible in order to eliminate safety concerns.
The safety of our cosmetics is secured, taking into consideration their ingredients and unavoidable impurities/trace contents, as per our safety criteria — which is continuously updated and upgraded.
Origin
They can occur naturally in the ingredient, or as a residue during chemical reactions used to create certain ingredients.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Synthetic ingredients have undergone purification processes and are supplied relatively free of impurities, although some impurities may exist as chemical reaction by-products (1,4-dioxane, Diethanolamine), remained monomar (Acrylamide), or when reacting with other chemicals (formaldehyde).
Ingredients derived from natural sources show different levels of impurities (heavy metals, asbestos), which makes it important to choose the sources and monitor for impurities continually.
- 1,4-Dioxane: considered to be a known carcinogen.
- Diethanolamine (DEA): considered to be a known carcinogen.
- Acrylamide: considered to be a known carcinogen.
- Formaldehyde: a known carcinogen that can cause allergic skin reactions and rashes.
- Heavy metals: can be present in natural minerals and can be toxic depending on the type.
- Asbestos: a known carcinogen that can be present in talc.
Mica
A naturally occurring mineral ingredient used to provide a sparkling appearance in makeup products.
Our stance
We joined the Responsible Mica Initiative and have been taking action on improving sustainable procurement.
We can verify that heavy metal content is within safe and regulatory limits, and we also use synthetic mica, which contains less heavy metals and has less social concerns.
Origin
Mica is a group of silicate minerals that are present in different types of rocks used by humans since prehistoric times.
It also can be chemically synthesized.
Consumer concerns and what we know
In India, mica mainly originates from socially and economically challenged regions where there is a risk of child labor, unsafe working conditions, and where the supply chain involves multiple players – making it difficult to thoroughly assess.
The Responsible Mica Initiative is a non-governmental organization created in January 2017 to build a sustainable mica supply chain in India by promoting responsible sourcing practices and eradicating child labor and unacceptable working condition.
As mica comes from the earth, it may contain trace amounts of heavy metals.
MIT/MCI
Methylisothiazolinone / Methylchloroisothiazolinone
A mixture of two chemically similar preservatives found in many personal care products. Is is used to control microbial growth in water-containing solutions to avoid discoloration, unpleasant odors or product breakdown.
Our stance
We prohibited the inclusion of MIT/MCI in any product according to our safety criteria.
Origin
It is a chemically synthesized ingredient.
Consumer concerns and what we know
MIT and MCI have been associated with allergic reactions and eczema. The risk of allergy of MIT was confirmed in leave-on products, and as such, the European Commission prohibited the use of MIT in leave-on products in February 2017.
Permitted concentration of MCI is considered safe.
Nano particles
Titanium dioxide, Zinc oxide
Particles with at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nanometers, which are too small to be seen with the naked eye or conventional microscopes.
Since they do not reflect visible light, nano-sized titanium dioxide and zinc oxide particles are used in sunscreens to scatter UV rays without causing a white coating.
Our stance
We use titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen products due to their highly performing properties. We have evaluated that they do not penetrate the skin, and since they are generally suspended in wet formulas (emulsions, solutions, etc.), the risk of inhaling them is low.
Furthermore, we have assessed that the potential amount that could be inhaled does not represent a risk to human health.
Origin
Nanoparticles are occasionally produced in nature or can be engineered for commercial purposes.
Consumer concerns and what we know
A common concern is that nanoparticles could penetrate the skin and end up in internal organs or the bloodstream – and that they may be toxic. The European Commission found that nanomaterials do not penetrate into healthy skin and are therefore considered safe. However, the safety of particles inhaled from powder or aerosol products has not been verified.
Nanomaterials are permitted worldwide. In some countries and regions including Europe, the word 'nano' must follow the name of the substance in ingredient listings (in parenthesis).
Octinoxate
A synthetic compound used in sunscreens to protect the skin against the damaging effects of UV radiation.
Our stance
We use octinoxate following our internal safety criteria and in line with cosmetic regulations in each country.
We are assessing the impact on coral by combining joint research with University lab who are working on research related to reef-building corals and coral reef organisms, with advanced simulation on ocean concentration. We are also developing formulas for minimizing effect on corals when octinoxate is used in the sunscreen for marine use.
We pay close attention to regulatory and research on environmental impact in each country and take agile action.
Origin
It is a chemically synthesized ingredient.
Consumer concerns and what we know
WHO defines octinoxate as not an endocrine disruptor that affects development and immune functions.
On the other hand, octinoxate is suspected to be a potential endocrine disruptor in Europe, and the European Commission is conducting further safety investigations to decide its status as a permitted cosmetics ingredient.
In addition, researchers are discussing the effects on corals in the ocean. As of 2021, the state of Hawaii, Palau and Thai National Park ban the use of sunscreens including octinoxate for leisure purpose.
Octocrylene
A synthetic compound used in sunscreens to protect the skin against the damaging effects of UV radiation.
Our stance
We use octocrylene following our internal safety criteria and in line with cosmetic regulations in each country.
We are assessing the impact on coral by combining joint research with University lab who are working on research related to reef-building corals and coral reef organisms, with advanced simulation on ocean concentration. We are also developing formulas for minimizing effect on corals when octocrylene is used in the sunscreen for marine use.
We pay close attention to regulatory and research on environmental impact in each country and take agile action.
Origin
It is a chemically synthesized ingredient.
Consumer concerns and what we know
WHO defines octocrylene as not an endocrine disruptor that affects growth and immune function.
Octocrylene has been studied for a long time in Europe, but it was concluded in 2021 that there is no endocrine disruptor action in the range of the concentration where UV formulation is permitted.
Researchers are discussing the effects on corals in the ocean. As of 2021, octocrylene is a permitted sunscreen ingredient in Hawaii, and is banned the use of sunscreens including octocrylene in Palau and the Virgin Islands (US).
Oxybenzone
A synthetic compound that belongs to a group of chemicals known as benzophenones. It is widely used in household products, sunglasses, food packaging, etc. In cosmetics, it absorbs UV radiation, protecting skin and the cosmetics product itself.
Our stance
We are developing and reformulating our products to remove oxybenzone in line with country regulations and our own safety criteria.
Origin
It is a naturally occurring chemical found in various flowering plants; however, the oxybenzone used in the cosmetics industry is of synthetic origin.
Consumer concerns and what we know
WHO defines oxybenzone as not an endocrine disruptor that affects growth and immune function.
On the other hand, Oxybenzone is suspected to be a potential endocrine disruptor in Europe, and the European Commission is conducting further safety investigations to decide its status as a permitted cosmetics ingredient.
The state of Hawaii prohibited sales of primary sunscreen products incorporating oxybenzone in July 2018 and Palau and Thai National Park ban the use of sunscreen containing oxybenzone for leisure purpose, due to its concerns around coral bleaching.
Palm oil
An edible odorless and colorless vegetable oil. It is widely used to produce cosmetic ingredients such as glycerin and other fatty acid derivatives. Glycerin is an emollient with moisturizing effects.
Our stance
We joined the RSPO in 2010 and have since supported the production of certified sustainable palm oil.
We committed with the total amount of palm oil derivatives that we use, and strive for sustainable procurement.
Origin
There are two grades of oil obtained from the palm tree: elaeis guineensis, which is a crude palm oil squeezed from the palm fruit; and palm kernel oil, which comes from crushing the kernels.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Palm oil cultivation has caused deforestation in some of the world’s most biodiverse forests in Indonesia and Malaysia. Burning carbon rich peat soils to clear land has released greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. Likewise, some palm oil plantations frequently violate workers’ rights and use child labor.
The Roundtable of Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) was formed in 2004 and sets and audits best farming practices under environmental and social principles.
Only RSPO-certified palm oil guarantees that it has not been grown on cleared land, is produced sustainably, and smallholder conditions are fair.
Parabens
A family of preservatives used by the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries to prevent microbial contamination that could potentially threaten product safety and quality.
Our stance
We use ethylparaben and methylparaben at lower concentrations than those set up by regulatory bodies, following our safety criteria.
We have been developing and reformulating our products without butylparaben and propylparaben.
Origin
Parabens occur naturally in red fruit, carrots and royal jelly, but when used commercially are of synthetic origin.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Parabens are suspected to be endocrine disruptors and can potentially induce cancer. Therefore, the European Commission has set up limits to the use of parabens in cosmetics that guarantees its safety.
The endocrine disruption activity increases with the length of the paraben: long chain parabens (ex. butylparaben and propylparaben) have stronger disruption activity, whereas short chain parabens (ethylparaben and methylparaben) present very low activity and are considered safer. For example, in all cases it is not reported to increase the risk of breast cancer when used at regulated concentrations.
Petrolatum
An odorless and colorless jelly-like substance that has been used as a moisturizing agent since 1859.
Our stance
We use highly purified cosmetic/pharmaceutical grade petrolatum that does not contain impurities harmful to humans according to our safety criteria.
Origin
Petrolatum is refined from petroleum.
Consumer concerns and what we know
There is a concern that petrolatum contains impurities such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are carcinogenic; however, highly purified petrolatum (pharmaceutical and cosmetic grade) does not contain PAHs and is considered safe worldwide – to the point that it is commonly used as dermatological medication to treat minor skin irritations.
Phenoxyethanol
A commonly used preservative in water-containing products due to its ability to inhibit fungi, bacteria and yeast growth.
Our stance
We use phenoxyethanol well below the permitted concentration in most of our products, as per our safety criteria and following cosmetic regulations in each country.
Origin
It can be found naturally in green tea, but when used commercially is of synthetic origin.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Phenoxyethanol is suspected to be an endocrine disruptor and toxic to the liver. However, it is not considered as a potential endocrine disruptor by the Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX).
Some limited studies have shown skin irritation and allergic reaction of phenoxyethanol on the nappy area for babies, and the European Cosmetics Regulation has set a safe maximum concentration limit of 1%.
Phthalates
A group of chemicals used in a variety of plastic products to make them more flexible. Phthalates are used in nail polishes to reduce cracking, in hair sprays to avoid stiffness, and in fragrances as a solvent and fixative.
Our stance
We do not use phthalates in our formulas due to our safety criteria.
We strictly select the materials used in our packaging to avoid phthalate contamination of our formulas.
Origin
It is a chemically synthesized ingredient.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Phthalates are strongly suspected to be endocrine disruptors that cause developmental and reproductive toxicity. They have been banned from cosmetics in the European Union.
Plastic ⅿicrobeads
Microplastic particles less than 5mm in diameter that do not degrade or dissolve in water. Plastic ⅿicrobeads, as they are called in rinse-off products, are used for cleaning and exfoliating purposes.
Our stance
We have not used plastic ⅿicrobeads in rinse-off products since 2018, and we carefully follow advancements in microplastic research and regulations in order to prepare for agile action.
Origin
Synthetic plastic particles manufactured in different shapes and sizes.
Consumer concerns and what we know
There is concern regarding the potential damaging effect of plastic ⅿicrobeads on aquatic life due to composition and shape, as well as the potential transfer to humans through the food chain. These plastic ⅿicrobeads remain in the environment as they are almost impossible to remove with existing technology.
In December 2015, a regulation to reduce the amount of plastic ⅿicrobeads reaching waterways was established in the US, and plastic ⅿicrobeads in cosmetic rinse-off products have been banned in most countries.
However, according to a study by ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), microplastics originating from cosmetics, including plastic microbeads, account for less than 2% of microplastics released in the marine environment, and their long-term environmental effect is still being studied.
Silicones
Inert synthetic polymers with various chemical structures that provide a smooth feeling and have a wide range of applications, such as emollients, humectants, solvents, viscosity controllers and hair conditioners.
Our stance
We use high-quality silicones with a minimal environmental impact.
Origin
They are chemically synthesized from silica stones.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Silicones are accused of causing skin congestion, clogging pores and dehydrating the skin. Some are not easily biodegradable and may be persistent in the environment. But in general, scientific evidence does not suggest that products containing silicones have a significant negative impact on skin or the environment.
Sulfates
Sodium lauryl sulfate, Sodium laureth sulfate, Ammonium lauryl sulfate
Sulfates are detergents and surfactants that produce foam, and can clean the skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.
Our stance
We use sulfates mainly for rinse-off products, which guarantees minimal exposure and does not cause scalp or skin irritation. When used to ensure the quality and effectiveness of certain ingredients, we use them in very low concentrations.
Origin
Sulfates are produced chemically from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Sulfates are presumed to cause skin irritation, dryness and cancer, however, they are not included in any list of carcinogenic materials from authorities such as WHO, IARC, and the EU. There is also no clear scientific evidence about the carcinogenicity of these ingredients.
While certain studies have shown a mild level of skin irritation, safety has been verified when used in rinse-off products.
Synthetic Fragrances
Synthetic fragrances are used to recreate natural scents in a more affordable and less resource-intensive way, or to provide unique scents.
Our stance
We use synthetic fragrances following our own safety standards, which limit their concentration to the lowest levels among IFRA recommendations and country regulations, thus minimizing the risk of sensitization.
For products sold in Europe, we list the name of allergens in the ingredients.
Origin
Synthetic fragrances are a mix of chemically synthesized ingredients that produce a desired scent, with other chemicals such as solvents (ethanol), stabilizers, UV-absorbers, preservatives, dyes, etc.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Consumers are concerned that when they see the word 'fragrance' on the label, there is a possibility that synthetic chemicals linked to safety issues are present since fragrance chemicals are not disclosed. The International Fragrance Association (IFRA) has established maximum recommended limits for synthetic fragrance ingredients to minimize the risk of safety issues.
The European Commission has made it mandatory to indicate on the label if the product contains one of the 26 substances identified as highly allergenic. In general, allergic reactions to cosmetics containing synthetic fragrances at the recommended doses are rare.
Triclosan
A widely used preservative since 1957 due to its antimicrobial properties. It is mostly found in personal care products as well as clothing, carpets, plastics, toys and more.
Our stance
We do not use triclosan due to our safety criteria.
Origin
It is a chemically synthesized ingredient.
Consumer concerns and what we know
Triclosan is suspected to be an endocrine disruptor and impacts thyroid function and thyroid homeostasis.
Growing evidence suggests a link between the use of triclosan and the increase of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics.
The FDA in September 2016 banned the use of triclosan on antiseptic OTC wash products because of the insufficient antiseptic effect.